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1896þÂ
PÀa³ A[n-Ir-XÀ BÂ_À«nsâ ]ucXzw d±m-¡n. kznävkÀe³Unse t]mfn F¶-dn-b-s¸-«n-cp¶
C³Ìn-äyq-«nÂ\n¶v 1900þ sF³Ìo³ _ncpZw t\Sn. kznävkÀe³Unse t_¬ t]äâv Hm^o-knÂ
Kpa-kvX-\mbn 1902þÂ At±lw \nb-an-X-\m-bn. hcp-am-\hpw [mcmfw
Hgn-hp-k-a-b-hp-apÅ tPmen In«n-b-tXmsS Kth-j-W-§-fn apgpIn. 1905þÂ
H¶n-\p-]n-dsI H¶mbn \mep {]_Ô-§Ä {]kn-²o-I-cn-¨p-sImv sF³Ìo³ imkv{X-k-Z-ÊnÂ-
D-Zn-¨p-bÀ¶p. {Zhys¯ DuÀÖ-am¡n amäp-¶-Xns\¸än-bpÅ {]i-kvX-amb kao-I-cWw E=mc2
Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨Xv \mem-as¯ {]_-Ô-¯n-em-Wv. 1902þÂ kqdn¨v kÀÆ-I-em-im-e-bnÂ
s{]m^-k-dmbn At±lw \nb-an-X-\m-bn. 1914þÂ a\-Ên-Ãm-a-\-tÊmsS At±lw _Àen³
kÀÆ-I-em-im-e-bn s{]m^-k-dmbn. kmam-\ym-t]-£n-I-Xm-kn-²m-´-hp-ambn
imkv{X-tem-Is¯ A¼-cn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv 1916þem-Wv. _p[sâ k©m-c-]-Y-¯nÂ
kqcy-t\m-S-Sp-¯pÅ _nµp-hn-\p-m-Ip¶ hyXn-N-e-\-¯n\p Xr]vXnIc-amb hni-Zo-I-cWw
\ÂIm³ BÂ_À«n\p Ign-ªp. 1921þÂ `uXn-I-im-kv{X-¯n-\pÅ t\m_Âk-½m\w BÂ_À«n\p
e`n-¨p. 1955 G{]n 18þ\v {]n³Ì-Wnse Bip-]-{Xn-bn BÂ_À«v sF³Ìo³ B´y-izmkw
hen-¨p